4f652e0622
Introduces `sphinx-tags` to the documentation system, allowing individual pages to be tagged for better searching. The examples in this commit introduce the `chip:*` tag for indicating the chip a board uses, as well as the `experimental` tag for indicating experimental boards and features. Other tags indicate supported peripherals for boards, such as `wifi` and `ethernet`. Signed-off-by: Matteo Golin <matteo.golin@gmail.com>
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5.9 KiB
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160 lines
5.9 KiB
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===============
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Raspberry Pi 4B
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===============
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.. tags:: experimental
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The `Raspberry Pi 4B <https://www.raspberrypi.com/products/raspberry-pi-4-model-b/specifications/>`_ is an ARM64
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hobbyist board created by Raspberry Pi.
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.. figure:: raspberrypi-4b.png
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:figwidth: 70%
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:align: center
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:alt: Raspberry Pi 4B board
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Features
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=========
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- Broadcom BCM2711 @1.8GHz
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- 1, 2, 4 and 8GB LPDDR4-3200 SDRAM models
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- 2.4GHz and 5.0GHz IEEE 802.11ac wireless
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- Bluetooth 5.0
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- Gigabit Ethernet
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- 2 USB 3.0 ports
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- 2 USB 2.0 ports
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- 2 micro-HDMI ports (4kp60)
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- 2-lane MIPI DSI display port
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- 2-lane MIPI CSI camera port
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- 4-pole stereo audio and composite video port
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- Micro SD card slot
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ARM64 Toolchain
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===============
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Before building NuttX for the Raspberry Pi 4B, download the ARM64 Toolchain for
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**AArch64 Bare-Metal Target** ``aarch64-none-elf`` from
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`Arm GNU Toolchain Downloads <https://developer.arm.com/downloads/-/arm-gnu-toolchain-downloads>`_.
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(Skip the section for Beta Releases.)
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Add the downloaded toolchain ``gcc-arm-...-aarch64-none-elf/bin`` to the ``PATH`` Environment Variable.
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If you are running Arch Linux, you can also get the toolchain by installing from the AUR:
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.. code:: console
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$ yay -S aarch64-none-elf-gcc-bin aarch64-none-elf-toolchain
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Check the ARM64 Toolchain:
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.. code:: console
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$ aarch64-none-elf-gcc -v
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Building
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========
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To build NuttX for the Raspberry Pi 4B, :doc:`install the prerequisites </quickstart/install>` and :doc:`clone the git
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repositories </quickstart/install>` for ``nuttx`` and ``apps``.
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Configure the NuttX project to use the Raspberry Pi 4B and build it (this example uses the ``nsh`` configuration).
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.. code:: console
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$ cd nutxx
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$ tools/configure.sh raspberrypi-4b:nsh
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$ make
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Booting
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========
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In order to boot NuttX on the Raspberry Pi 4B, you will need to have a formatted micro SD card. The SD card should
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contain a FAT32 partition that is marked as bootable and which contains the generated ``nuttx.bin`` and ``config.txt``
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files from the build process. In addition to those files, you will also need the following files from the Raspberry Pi
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repository for loading the image:
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- `bcm2711-rpi-4-b.dtb <https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/blob/stable/boot/bcm2711-rpi-4-b.dtb>`_
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- `fixup4.dat <https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/blob/stable/boot/fixup4.dat>`_
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- `fixup4cd.dat <https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/blob/stable/boot/fixup4cd.dat>`_
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- `fixup4db.dat <https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/blob/stable/boot/fixup4db.dat>`_
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- `fixup4x.dat <https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/blob/stable/boot/fixup4x.dat>`_
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- `start4.elf <https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/blob/stable/boot/start4.elf>`_
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- `start4cd.elf <https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/blob/stable/boot/start4cd.elf>`_
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- `start4db.elf <https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/blob/stable/boot/start4db.elf>`_
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- `start4x.elf <https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/blob/stable/boot/start4x.elf>`_
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You can download all of these files with the shell script in ``tools/bcm2711/bootfiles.sh``.
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SD Card Formatting
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------------------
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Here is a list of ``fdisk`` commands for formatting the SD card on Linux. The tutorial assumes the SD card is at
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``/dev/sda``, but you can find the location of your SD card with ``lsblk``. **Make very sure you verify that the name is
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correct, or you can lose data by formatting a different device.**
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.. code:: console
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$ sudo fdisk /dev/sda
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Print the partition table on the card with ``p`` to see what's there. If anything appears, continue to use the ``d``
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command to remove all partitions.
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- ``o`` to create a new, empty DOS partition table
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- ``n`` to create a new partition
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- ``p`` to make it primary
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- Hit enter to select the default partition of "1"
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- Hit enter for the default start and end sizes, which will use the full SD card size
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- ``t`` to change the type of the partition (hit enter to select default of partition 1)
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- ``c`` as the type, which is for Windows FAT32
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- ``a`` to mark the partition as bootable
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- ``w`` to write all the changes and save
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Now when you run ``lsblk``, you should see ``/dev/sda1`` (or an equivalent for your SD card). That is the new partition
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just created. Running the following command will then format the SD card to an empty FAT32 file system.
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.. code:: console
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$ sudo mkfs.vfat /dev/sda1
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Once this completes, you can copy all of the aforementioned boot files, ``nuttx.bin`` and ``config.txt`` to your SD card
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in your preferred way (through a file explorer or by using ``mount``).
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Once all the files are copied, you can then eject the SD card and insert it onto your Raspberry Pi. The default console
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is the Mini UART, which requires an adapter such as `USB to TTL serial converter cable
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<https://www.adafruit.com/product/954>`_ to read. You should connect the ground to one of the Pi's ground pins, and then
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connect the RX to GPIO 14 and TX to GPIO 15. **Do not connect the red power wire**.
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Once the converter is connected and plugged into your host computer, you can open up a serial terminal of your choice. I
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use Minicom. Then, power your Raspberry Pi 4B with a USB-C cable and wait for the Pi to boot and the NSH prompt to
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appear onscreen:
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.. code:: console
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NuttShell (NSH) NuttX-12.6.0-RC0
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nsh> uname -a
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NuttX 12.6.0-RC0 c4f3a42131-dirty Aug 6 2024 21:17:01 arm64 raspberrypi-4b
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nsh>
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Board Peripheral Support
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========================
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SMP is currently unsupported.
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NuttX for the Raspberry Pi 4 supports these on-board peripherals:
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======================== =======
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Peripheral Support
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======================== =======
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I2C Partial (able to read, that's it)
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UART Mini UART yes, PL011 no
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GPIO Partial
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PWM No
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SPI No
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PCM No
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AV port No
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HDMI No
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WiFi No
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Ethernet No
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USB 3.0 No
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USB 2.0 No
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Bluetooth No
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======================== =======
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